Dernières publications saisies ou modifiées sur HAL
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[hal-01544543] Les paysages du Parc National Tursujuq dans le regard de ses habitants Inuit et Cris
Les parcs nationaux du Québec, en plus de leurs mandats d’éducation et d’accessibilité, jouent un rôle essentiel pour la conservation : ils permettent de préserver un territoire représentatif d’une région naturelle. Dans les parcs nationaux du Nunavik, la conservation du patrimoine culturel prend tout son sens. En effet, le Nunavik englobe un vaste territoire où les peuples autochtones se rencontrent avec un bagage culturel inestimable. En 2009, un projet de recueil photographique a débuté dans la communauté d’Umiujaq pour être ensuite transposé dans les communautés de Kuujjuarapik et de Whapmagoostui, qui fréquentent aussi le territoire du parc national Tursujuq ( Figure 1 ). Les Inuits et les Cris de ces communautés ont été appelés à fournir des photographies de paysages dans le cadre d’un concours. Ces images ont été choisies par leurs auteurs pour leur beauté, les souvenirs qu’elles évoquaient ou le lieu qu’elles suggéraient. Chacune d’entre elles était commentée[…]
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[hal-01544542] Natures sauvages
Les paysages prennent leur valeur dans l’œil des hommes qui les regardent. Que ce soit chez les peuples autochtones de l'Arctique ou en Occident, la nature n'est sauvage que dans la mesure où elle est pensée comme telle"".F.Joliet
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[hal-03341181] Vision and first actions of the SO-DRIIHM open science project
Dans le cadre du mouvement international de la science ouverte, le projet ANR SO-DRIIHM traite de la structuration, du partage et de l’ouverture des données produites au sein d’un dispositif rassemblant treize observatoires (OHM) du CNRS-INEE : le Dispositif de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux soutenu par l’ANR (LabEx DRIIHM 2012-2025). Le projet ANR SO-DRIIHM (octobre 2020 - mars 2023) est l'un des 25 lauréats de l'appel Flash science ouverte de l'ANR. L'objectif de la présente communication orale est de montrer les orientations stratégiques et les premières réalisations à la communauté scientifique du LabEx DRIIHM dans le cadre de son symposium international des 6-8 septembre 2021. Il s'agit également d'une opportunité de promotion de la science ouverte auprès d'un large public, en accord avec l'un des deux objectifs du projet. Dans un premier temps, le contexte international et français en matière de science ouverte est décrit, présentant notamment les[…]
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[hal-03422341] Nunavik" International Human-Environment Observatory (OHM)
OHMi Nunavik conducts research over a vast territory that covers the northern third of the province of Quebec in eastern Canada. In May 2011, the government of Quebec launched "Plan Nord", the goal of which is the economic development of the far north in an approach of integrated and sustainable development. The research topics oh the OHMi are: • Industrial development, sustainable development and renewable energy sources • Food security and autonomy • Inuit health and well-being and how these are connected to their environment • Climate change, natural threats and the vulnerability of users of Nunavik parks, protected areas and cultural sites • Traditional knowledge, heritage, intergenerational dialogue and Inuit perception of their territory.
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[hal-02326074] Processus de pente, changement climatique et risques naturels dans la vallée Tasiapik, Nunavik, Canada
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[hal-02183190] Development of a subarctic peatland linked to slope dynamics at Lac Wiyâshâkimî (Nunavik, Canada)
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[hal-03405613] Snow cornice and snow avalanche monitoring using automatic time lapse cameras in Tasiapik Valley, Nunavik (Québec) during the winter of 2017–2018
A series of automatic time-lapse cameras installed along the southwestern side of Tasiapik Valley, near the village of Umiujaq, Nunavik (northern Québec) documented several departure modes and types of snow involved in snow avalanches during winter 2017-2018. These included cornice-avalanche dynamics, slab and loose snow avalanches, and clean and dirty snow avalanches. At the top of the selected slope, a camera monitored the development of a snow cornice beginning in November 2017, detecting multiple cornice failures over the winter and spring. The track and deposition area of the runout paths were monitored from two cameras downslope, revealing the concomitance of snow-cornice fall and snow avalanche triggering. Snow avalanche activity remained relatively infrequent until the end of May 2018. Spring snow avalanche activity is characterized by wet and dirty snow avalanches carrying debris to the foot of the slope and by runout zones located near the road along the slope.
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[hal-03357239] TAKUJUQ -Contribution of Arts for communicating Science
The TAKUJUQ project is the result of a thought carried out within the Nunavik OHMi in the NUNA and MOVE research projects. These research projects in an indigenous environment have identified a break at the stage of scientific dissemination, of transmission of results to the communities that host the research. To this end, we identify scientific mediation and art as vectors of scientific transmission on the one hand, and metalanguage likely to transcend cultures, the spoken languages of Inuktitut (inhabitants), English and French (researchers) on the other. We hypothesize a conceptual construction of innovative exchanges between different actors: indigenous populations, indigenous artists, geographer researchers, mediator researchers and artist researchers. Our scientific ambition is to bring out, through mediation and artistic productions that offer another language, new knowledge concerning the relationship with the Arctic environment. We propose here the first alternative forms of cartography and modelling intended to transcribe scientific results[…]
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[hal-02905692] Vers une démarche scientifique intégrative : l'exemple de l'Observatoire Hommes-milieux du Nunavik (Canada)
Les Observatoires Hommes-Milieux (OHM, dispositifs du LabEx DRIIHM créés à l’initiative du CNRS) étudient les interrelations société–environnement interrogées suite à un événement fondateur anthropique qui a produit une réorganisation de l’ensemble du socio-écosystème initial. Cet article s’intéresse à la mise en oeuvre, aux rôles et fonctionnement d’un de ces OHM, l’OHMi NUNAVIK, développé depuis 2014 en contexte autochtone dans l’Arctique canadien au Nord du Québec. L’OHMi NUNAVIK tend à développer un cadre de recherche holistique et intégrateur faisant tomber les barrières entre disciplines d’une part, et types de savoirs (scientifiques / autochtones) d’autre part. Il vise ainsi à créer une structure de recherche innovante en Arctique par le prisme (i) des représentations arctiques des Inuits et des Qallunaat, (ii) les collaborations entre chercheurs, gestionnaires territoriaux et habitants. L’objectif de l’OHMi NUNAVIK porte sur l’acquisition de connaissances et de nouvelles manières de les produire afin d’identifier les impacts cumulatifs des programmes[…]
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[hal-01791330] Recherche collaborative et projet PhotoVoice au Nunavik
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[hal-01791322] Land is Home
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[hal-02080578] Learning and insights from a participatory photography project with Cree and Inuit about the land (Nunavik, Canada)
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[hal-01791350] Co-constructing research in an intercultural situation: the joint participation of Western researchers and the Inuit (Canada, Nunavik)
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[hal-01824905] Nuna aujourd’hui : Inuititude, altérité?
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[hal-02357168] Design, construction and analysis of a thermal energy storage system adapted to greenhouse cultivation in isolated northern communities
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[hal-02096238] Building food security in the Canadian Arctic through the development of sustainable community greenhouses and gardening
Disruptions in the way of life of indigenous peoples from the Far North have greatly affected their ability to meet their food needs. The implementation of community greenhouse and gardening projects is one of the initiatives taken to address this issue in Nunavik. Through a mixed-method approach, we analyze social benefits and challenges, as well as the potential food productivity and nutritional contributions of these projects. We discuss the potential of current greenhouse energy optimization scenarios and we address the benefits of Kuujjuaq's greenhouse in terms of carbon dioxide mitigation. Discussions with the local stakeholders highlighted technical challenges regarding the energy supply, its efficient management and the supply of soil in sufficient quantities. Our results highlight the interconnectedness and complexity of food and energy systems in Nunavik. They show that the establishment of local fresh food production corresponds to a need expressed by the residents and could bypass some of[…]
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[hal-02381892] Economic analysis of residential solar photovoltaic electricity production in Canada
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[hal-03409385] Thermal energy storage system adapted to greenhouse cultivation in isolated northern communities: Performances & Lessons learned
The Inuit of the Canadian North live in isolated territories where there are no land routes. As a result, for the past few decades, they have been facing major adaptation challenges, particularly in terms of food and access to energy. Since June 2016, our research focuses on the potential of greenhouse farming in circumpolar territories with the case study of the cooperative greenhouse of Kuujjuaq (largest village in Nunavik in terms of population - 2375 inhabitants in 2011, latitude 58° north and longitude 68° west). Measurements in this greenhouse revealed a major problem: a temperature difference between day and night that was too large, hindering the development of crops. To address this, a thermal storage system was installed in October 2018. It is based on a rock bed of known porosity, positioned under the crop land, in which a heat transfer fluid that circulates, will allow the daily heat surplus[…]
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[hal-01824900] Au-delà de la collecte des données dans les projets de sciences citoyennes : ouvrir le champ de l’analyse et de l’interprétation des données aux citoyens.
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[hal-01668191] Supporting food security in the Far North: Community greenhouse projects in Nunavik and Nunavut
Development of northern agriculture is seen as an innovative solution to the great challenges of food security in the villages of Nunavik and Nunavut. Establishing a community greenhouse can improve the health and well-being of Inuit communities by sustainably increasing the supply of fresh local produce and by improving food quality while not ignoring the cultural dimension of food security. This article describes community greenhouse projects in Kuujjuaq (Nunavik) and Iqaluit (Nunavut), and a current study on the feasibility of a community greenhouse project in Kangiqsujuaq (Nunavik). We first present our methodology which follows the principles of community-based participatory research. We then turn to the main avenues of our research: the contribution of a greenhouse project to food security and sovereignty and the technical and organizational challenges of optimizing a greenhouse in a northern setting. Through this interdisciplinary project, it is possible to work with the community to build a[…]
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